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Originally posted by sefardi3point2:
It has been contended by some, here and elsewhere, that only 'Western' and 'Central' Africans are 'true' Negroids, and thuse 'pure' Africans.

I want to know if anyone thinks that this is so, please post and explain why you think this is the case. If you don't, I'd also like to hear that as well, of course.

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Posts: 554 | From: Somaliland | Registered: Sep 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

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* What constitutes a 'pure' African versus an African of 'mixed' non African ancestry??

Answer: No one is truly ‘pure’ because all humans originated from Africa. Because of this fact, indigenous African populations possess the greatest genetic and phenotypic diversity in the world in a number of features such as skin complexion, cranial features, and hair form, but ALL are adapted to tropical to subtropical climate.

Skin color:
Hum Biol. 2000 Oct;72(5):773-80. Related Articles, Links
Human skin color diversity is highest in sub-Saharan African populations.
Relethford JH.
Department of Anthropology, State University of New York College at Oneonta, 13820, USA.
Previous studies of genetic and craniometric traits have found higher levels of within-population diversity in sub-Saharan Africa compared to other geographic regions. This study examines regional differences in within-population diversity of human skin color. Published data on skin reflectance were collected for 98 male samples from eight geographic regions: sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, Europe, West Asia, Southwest Asia, South Asia, Australasia, and the New World. Regional differences in local within-population diversity were examined using two measures of variability: the sample variance and the sample coefficient of variation. For both measures, the average level of within-population diversity is higher in sub-Saharan Africa than in other geographic regions. This difference persists even after adjusting for a correlation between within-population diversity and distance from the equator. Though affected by natural selection, skin color variation shows the same pattern of higher African diversity as found with other traits.

African skin complexions range from almost jet-black along the equator to yellowish-brown just outside the tropical latitudes which are the sub-tropical zones. With some North African Berber groups living just north of the tropic of Cancer and South African Khoisan groups living just south of the tropic of Capricorn.

Khoisan


Hair form:
Hair form naturally varies among indigenous Africans so not all Africans have the ‘kinky’ type hair form found among the stereotypical African. Hair can range from wavy to the spiral tuft form found among the Khoisan peoples of southern Africa. The ‘kinky’ type seems to be in between these extremes. Even outside of Africa, those indigenous black populations who remained in the tropics also maintained this diversity inherited from their African ancestors.

American Anthropological Association Statement on "race"

Physical variations in any given trait tend to occur gradually rather than abruptly over geographic areas. And because physical traits are inherited independently of one another, knowing the range of one trait does not predict the presence of others. For example, skin color varies largely from light in the temperate areas in the north to dark in the tropical areas in the south; its intensity is not related to nose shape or hair texture. Dark skin may be associated with frizzy or kinky hair or curly or wavy or straight hair, all of which are found among different indigenous peoples in tropical regions. These facts render any attempt to establish lines of division among biological populations both arbitrary and subjective.

Cranial features:
The human phenotypic trait that holds the greatest diversity is cranial morphology. Because of this fact, cranial features can at times be misleading if not taken into proper context. For example, for a long time features like long narrow faces and narrow noses have been associated with “caucasian” or “caucasoid” people even though such features are present in populations throughout the globe from Africa to the Americas. The same can be said about so-called “negroid” features such as broad faces and noses which are also not just confined to Africans but various peoples in Asia, the Pacific etc.

Which is why we have studies like this:

J. Edwards, A. Leathers, et al.
...based on Howell’s sampling Fordisc 2.0 authors state that "there are no races, only populations," yet it is clear that Howell was intent on providing known groups that would be distributed among the continental "racial" groups.
We tested the accuracy and effectiveness of Fordisc 2.0 using twelve cranial measurements from a homogeneous population from the X-Group period of Sudanese Nubia (350CE-550CE). When the Fordisc program classified the adult X-Group crania, only 51 (57.3%) of 89 individuals were classified within groups from Africa. Others were placed in such diverse groups as Polynesian (11.24%), European (7.86%), Japanese (4.49%), Native American (3.37%), Peruvian (3.36%), Australian (1.12), Tasmanian (1.12%), and Melanesian (1.12%). The implications of these findings suggest that classifying populations, whether by geography or by "race", is not morphologically or biologically accurate because of the wide variation even in homogeneous populations.

And...

Forensic Misclassification of
Ancient Nubian Crania:
Implications for Assumptions
about Human Variation -April 2005, Current Anthropology:

It is well known that human biological variation is principally clinal (i.e., structured as gradients) and not racial (i.e., structured as a small number of fairly discrete
groups). We have shown that for a temporally and geographically homogeneous East African population, the most widely used “racial”
program fails to identify the skeletal material accurately. The assignment of skeletal racial origin is based principally upon stereotypical features found most frequently in the most geographically distant populations. While this is useful in some contexts (for example, sorting
skeletal material of largely West African ancestry
from skeletal material of largely Western European ancestry), it fails to identify populations that originate elsewhere and misrepresents fundamental patterns of human biological diversity.

These exact same mistakes were made in classifying Egyptian skulls and is also the reason you hear these old studies speak of a percentage of “Caucasoid” and even a percentage of “mongoloid” skulls!

Jean Hiernaux
The People of Africa(Peoples of the World Series)
The oldest remains of Homo sapiens sapiens found in East Africa were associated with an industry having similarities with the Capsian. It has been called Upper Kenyan Capsian, although its derivation from the North African Capsian is far from certain. At Gamble's Cave in Kenya, five human skeletons were associated with a late phase of the industry, Upper Kenya Capsian C, which contains pottery. A similar associationis presumed for a skeleton found at Olduvai, which resembles those from Gamble's Cave. The date of Upper Kenya Capsian C is not precisely known (an earlier phase from Prospect Farm on Eburru Mountain close to Gamble's Cave has been dated to about 8000 BC); but the presence of pottery indicates a rather later date, perhaps around 400 BC. The skeletons are of very tall people. They had long, narrow heads, and relatively long, narrow faces. The nose was of medium width; and prognathism, when present, was restricted to the alveolar, or tooth-bearing, region......all their features can be found in several living populations of East Africa, like the Tutsi of Rwanda and Burundi, who are very dark skinned and differ greatly from Europeans in a number of body proportions.............
From the foregoing, it is tempting to locate the area of differentiation of these people in the interior of East Africa. There is every reason to believe that they are ancestral to the living 'Elongated East Africans'. Neither of these populations, fossil and modern, should be considered to be closely related to the populations of Europe and western Asia.

claims that Caucasoid peoples once lived in eastern Africa have been
shown to be wrong,- JO Vogel, Precolonial Africa.

So features like narrow faces and noses do NOT indicate foreign ancestry or ‘admixture’.

Fulani (West African)


Somali (East African)


Egyptian (North African)


Tutsi (Central African)


Ironically, another trait all of these people above share in common besides facial features is skeletal structure of their bodies. Their body structure has been called “super-negroid” indicating their extra-tropical adapted bodies compared to stereotypical blacks of West Africa who only have plain “negroid” builds. This is another indication that these people definitely have NO non-African ancestry!

Also, just because someone happens to have the same features as those you consider ‘true blacks (negroes)’ does not mean they are even African. As seen by this Andamanese person below.



So all this talk of such peoples being “not black” and “mixed” because of certain looks is downright silly.

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Posts: 26237 | From: Atlanta, Georgia, USA | Registered: Feb 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

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Adam(pbuh) and Eve(pbuher) existed and man came from them...but unfortunately you descended from gorillas or Ape, and you still have that gorilla brain.


But anyway why is that when whites believe in white supermacy over other races, its viewed as rascist idealogy, but when these Afrocentric nuts believe everything in history was built by black and that black is superior to other races its somehow okey in here.

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It really doesn't matter what an Afrocentrics think is right religion for Africa, because Africans whose religion is Islam will always be loyal to Islam and therefor always no matter what their conditions will be only bow down to the only one worthy of worshippe Allah(SWT) their creator.
With African muslims, Africas history would not be as rich as its today...just look at the great Mali Kingdom, the Songhia Kingdom, The great city of Knowledge Timbouktu, Adal Kingdom, Harar the beautiful city were people came from as far away as China, India to learn the deen, Mogadishu the great Merchant City, Mombasa another great Merchant City...in Sudan you had the Funj Kingdom... in North Africa you had Cairo which had universities as early as 10th century...the beautiful market city of Marakesh were goods from all all the way India/China were sold...etc. if you take away Ancient Egypt, Ancient Northern Sudan, Aksum... Africans have no other significant achievement to speak of other than the achievement achieved by Africans who were Muslims. So on this case Islam is more African than any other Pagan religion worshipped in Africa today since it contributed to African history more than any

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Hotep the fastest growning muslims in America are African Americans...and without the inspiration Islam..being black and proud would not be possible . The Nation islam although not muslim...took their ideas and their pride from Islam. Malik Shabbaz A.K.A Malcom X( may allah be pleased with him) was one the first black american leaders who made being black beautiful was muslim....Islam also made him change his rascist views toward whites...after he travelled to holy cities of Mecca and Medina..were he prayed shoulder to shoulder with every race this world has to offer.

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SO WHAT? Africans can not prosper without islam, because ISLAM is the truth and it is what will put us on the top . Islam is what will end the corruption in Africa, it will end tribalism, nationilism, racism, imperialism and so on goin on in Africa today. exp. MANSA MUSA AND THE KINGDOM OF MALI, was a prosperous muslim nation.

Islam has eradicated slavery and it did it slowly. Your bias research will always close ur heart from the truth. Site ur sites, i read what u wrote, its nonsense, where in the world do u get ur information. Prophet Muhammad pbuh is the perfect man to be followed. As an african i want to be like prophet and the Same for my brother and sisters in Africa. If you feel islam is not somthing for u, Ok then it not for u. Who are u to say Islam is not for Africans.

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Posts: 477 | Registered: Dec 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

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Originally posted by Hotep2u:


Cheikh Anta Diop is one of the most respected Afrocentric scholar this means he is one of the most widely read

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Posts: 5964 | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

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Originally posted by IIla:
I have never seen a single person post anything remotely close to blacks being superior to other races. What's your problem?

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Posts: 554 | From: Somaliland | Registered: Sep 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

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Originally posted by Hotep2u:
[QB]
Somalia has a 81% illiteracy rate this means 8 out of 10 adults living in Somalia CAN NOT READ. You must be borderline literate.

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]Statistics on Somalia's GDP, growth, per capita income, and inflation should be viewed skeptically.

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hotep i don't know why you keep showing old statistics? there information is based on old statistics when the UN was still there in 93'

do you get a kick in trying to make an african country look bad by coming with outdated statistics when the country was still in a civil war it's like me using the hamith myth and then claiming it's not outdated

every day schools are being build there

somalia has three universities in the top 60 of african uni's one of them surpasses my countries universty and sudan's university

http://www.webometrics.info/top100_continent.asp-cont=africa.htm

a new mega complex is also being build

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Trade between Somalia and other countries has multiplied. Some people even estimate that the trade volume is so huge that it could be considered one of the biggest in the Horn of Africa, outdoing more politically stable countries such as Kenya and Ethiopia.

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people have now more money to spent and schools and hospitals are being build

and this is all without foreign aid

http://www.tharwaproject.org/index.php?option=com_keywords&task=view&id=1006&Itemid=0

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A certain Canadian conglomerate, the Horn of Africa Free Zone Authority, will be constructing a free port on the peninsula Hafun. On a map of Somalia, Hafun is that body of land which doesn't look like its apart of the land mass that is Somalia but is extending outwards from the Puntland area. The group is currently putting the concrete and the basic foundation of this future city. It is 200 square miles, enough for major hotels, beaches, or other buildings to be created. Seeing that Somalia will become a likely in let for business with the African continent, and as long as Mogadishu remains a closed port, Hafun seems like an unbeatable investment. HAFZA will be publically traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX).

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There are five competing airlines here; three phone companies, which have some of the cheapest rates in the world; at least two pasta factories; 45 private hospitals; 55 providers of electricity; 1,500 wholesalers for imported goods; and an infinite number of guys with donkeys who will deliver 55 gallons of clean water to your house for 25 cents.

What Somalia does not have is a government, and in many ways, that makes it the world's purest laboratory for capitalism. No one collects taxes. Business is booming. Libertarians of the world, unite!

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The Answer for Africa
by Shafer Parker


According to Andrew Cockburn in the July issue of National Geographic magazine, Somalia is rising, phoenix-like, from the ashes of the 1993 war and becoming an economic powerhouse in eastern Africa precisely because anarchy has reigned ever since. Consider Cockburn’s on-the-scene assessment of what has happened since the war. "Like plants sprouting after a forest fire, Somalis have managed to survive and build on their own, in some respects with more success than developing nations on the receiving end of international aid and advice."

Significantly, the Somalis get it. They have learned through experience that less government is good, and that no government is better. Hear what telecommunications tycoon Abdirizak Ido told Mr. Cockburn: "We have been through some hard times, but the worst was when we had a government. Once there was no government, there was opportunity!"

Small entrepreneurs are doing well. Better yet, they also understand they are doing good. "In the northwestern city of Hargeysa, in the congested Sheikh Nur community for returned refugees, the Ismail family invested their meager resources in a water tap to supply the entire neighborhood. Abdi Ismail not only garners a weekly profit of $20 but also points out: ‘We are contributing to rebuilding Somaliland.’"

Needless to say, in a land where enterprise is truly free, the customer is king. Ten phone companies compete for business in the capital city of Mogadishu. Landline service is connected eight hours after it's ordered. And it only costs $10 a month. North Americans should be so well off. Cell phone connections are instantaneous. Local calls are free and international calls are only 60 cents to a dollar a minute. Amazingly, long distance is available even in remote villages, due to shortwave radio hookups. Somalis proudly point out that their phone service is far superior to anything found in neighbouring Kenya and Ethiopia.

All kinds of private enterprise is flourishing. Mogadishu now boasts a spaghetti factory, a plastics factory, a mineral-water plant, a bakery, and two fiercely competitive cable companies. And contra the protestors that have flocked to the G-8 summit to scream out their belief that economic fairness means the UN must be allowed to forcibly redistribute the world’s wealth, Somalia’s nouveau riche even give something back to the community. For instance, Abdirizak Osman, an entrepreneur in the desert town of Gaalkacyo who started with phones, then branched out to electrical generators, now provides street lights and free electricity to the local hospital.

Incidentally, the local Muslim fundamentalists can't get a foothold, not since 1993, anyway. People have better things to do. And clan loyalties, now allowed to flourish, prevent the fundamentalists from controlling any significant power-base. Despite rumors and innuendos flowing from the US State Department, Somalia is no friend of al Qaeda terrorists either. When the US government reported that Osama Ben Laden might be heading for the Horn of Africa, Somali novelist Nuruddin Farah suggested he should stay away if he did not want to be cashed in for the $25-million reward..

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here are some pics of somalia just so you have an image of it




i got all this info from a somali forum

hotep you remind me of this racist fool who kept on saying oohh your country is only aids this aids that famine this famine that

untill i showed him pics of wel developed places of oromia and adiss ababa he was quiet

i don't appreciate it when people try to degrade hard working africans on a board visited by non africans

stop promoting the stereo type

do you know what

i think i'm going to open a thread and show all the well developed places of africa they never show on t.v

Posts: 259 | From: LA LA LAND | Registered: Dec 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

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Originally posted by Ceelgabo_11:

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Originally posted by IIla:
I have never seen a single person post anything remotely close to blacks being superior to other races. What's your problem?

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When you attribute every great civilization known to man... Mesopatamia, China, India(Hindu Kush), Greece, etc...to black and only black..I think that is racial supremacy just like when White supremacist attribute the achievement of Pharoes, Mesopatamian, Aryans, Greece, Roma(yes Rome was not only white but mixed and more mediterranean than anything resembling West or East European)..to whites and whites only.

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Posts: 72 | Registered: Apr 2006  |  IP: Logged | 

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Originally posted by Horemheb:
Obviously in terms of state buildings Euro Americans are superior to others. That said, there is opportunity for all.

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Posts: 2688 | Registered: Jul 2004  |  IP: Logged | 

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Originally posted by African_BibleExpert:
***Wow, the ancient Hebrew book of B*reshiyth allegorized a
fact of science only ascertained within the last decade or so! ***

How so?!?!? The plaugarized story of Adam and eve comes from Atum and Tefnut in Egypt of self creation and dude HEBREWS WERE NOT BLACK!!!! enough of that rhetoric

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Posts: 2688 | Registered: Jul 2004  |  IP: Logged | 

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Where can I get my hands on a citation from Cheikh Anta Diop that he is an Afrocentrist?

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Hotep what is Sheikh Anta Diop religion??

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Posts: 477 | Registered: Dec 2005  |  IP: Logged | 

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Originally posted by Hotep2u:
Greetings:

Supercar Wrote:

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Where can I get my hands on a citation from Cheikh Anta Diop that he is an Afrocentrist?

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The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.

Afrocentric

SYLLABICATION: Af·ro·cen·tric
PRONUNCIATION: fr-sntrk
ADJECTIVE: Centered or focused on Africa or African peoples, especially in relation to historical or cultural influence : “a string of small black-owned art galleries in Los Angeles's Afrocentric cultural district” (Kristal Brent Zook, NYT Magazine November 12 1995).
OTHER FORMS: Afro·centrism —NOUN
Afro·centrist —ADJECTIVE & NOUN

Looking at the Cheikh Anta Diops works and based off the definiton of Afrocentric.

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Posts: 5964 | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged |