Plutarch was among the unimpressed, deciding that it had failed accurately to reproduce Alexander's colouring:
"He made Alexander's complexion appear too dark-skinned and swarthy, whereas we are told that he was fair-skinned, with a ruddy tinge that showed itself especially upon his face and chest."
Apelles[pronunciation?] (Ἀπελλῆς) of Kos (flourished 4th century BC) was a renowned painter of ancient Greece. Pliny the Elder, to whom we owe much of our knowledge of this artist (Naturalis Historia 35.36.79–97 and passim), rated him superior to preceding and subsequent artists. He dated Apelles to the 112th Olympiad (332–329 BC), possibly because he had produced a portrait of Alexander the Great.
Posted by malibudusul (Member # 19346) on :
The most celebrated of Grecian painters, born, most probably, at Colophon in Ionia, though some ancient writers call him a Coan and others an Ephesian. He was the contemporary of Alexander the Great (B.C. 336-323), who entertained so high an opinion of him that he was the only person whom Alexander would permit to paint his portrait. We are not told when or where he died.
How authentic is this? Who made it? When? After Alexander's death? Are there other portraits....etc? Parentage? Europeans LIE!!!!!!
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
Posted by xyyman (Member # 13597) on :
I have investigated and produced proof Cleopatra was most likely black. Now let us look was Alexander. What do we have?
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: I have investigated and produced proof Cleopatra was most likely black. Now let us look was Alexander. What do we have?
the above Alexander mosaic was described by Plutarch
"He made Alexander's complexion appear too dark-skinned and swarthy, whereas we are told that he was fair-skinned, with a ruddy tinge that showed itself especially upon his face and chest."
Posted by malibudusul (Member # 19346) on :
Charmides was an Athenian statesman who flourished during the fifth century BC.[1] Uncle of Plato, Charmides appears in the Platonic dialogue bearing his name (Charmides), the Protagoras, and the Symposium, as well as in Xenophon's Symposium, Memorabilia, and Hellenica
Why should Apelles make a dark and swarty painting of Alexander I of Macedon if he wasn't dark in the first place. Plutarch complaining that Alexander was pale and pink could be a forgery done in the Renaissance era of Europe were white European who became powerful in multiracial Europe started to turned black Mary, black Jesus and all the black Caesars and Kings of Europe into white people. White people started to create fake white artifacts and destroying the black artifacts. They also forged part of ancient books.
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: I have investigated and produced proof Cleopatra was most likely black. Now let us look was Alexander. What do we have?
the above Alexander mosaic was described by Plutarch
"He made Alexander's complexion appear too dark-skinned and swarthy, whereas we are told that he was fair-skinned, with a ruddy tinge that showed itself especially upon his face and chest."
I made a mistake here the above is not by Apelles
Above picture is
The Alexander Mosaic, dating from circa 100 BC, is a Roman floor mosaic originally from the House of the Faun in Pompeii. It depicts a battle between the armies of Alexander the Great and Darius III of Persia and measures 2.72 x 5.13m (8 ft 11in x 16 ft 9in).artist unknown The original is preserved in the Naples National Archaeological Museum. The mosaic is believed to be copy of an early 3rd Century BC Hellenistic painting, possibly by Philoxenos of Eretria.[
Apelles . The most celebrated of Grecian painters, born, most probably, at Colophon in Ionia, though some ancient writers call him a Coan and others an Ephesian. He was the contemporary of Alexander the Great (B.C. 336-323)
Attracted to the court of Philip II of Macedon, he painted him and the young Alexander with such success that he became the recognized court painter of Macedon, and his picture of Alexander holding a thunderbolt ranked in the minds of many with the Alexander with the spear of the sculptor Lysippus. Plutarch was among the unimpressed, deciding that it had failed accurately to reproduce Alexander's colouring: "He made Alexander's complexion appear too dark-skinned and swarthy, whereas we are told that he was fair-skinned, with a ruddy tinge that showed itself especially upon his face and chest."[3] This mural from Pompeii is believed to be based on Apelles', Venus Anadyomene, brought to Rome by Augustus.
Alexander the Great, possibly as Zeus (fresco) Roman, (1st century BC) perhaps based on an original painting by Apelles; House of the Vettii; Alexander the Great (356-323 BC) King of Macedonia;
Posted by malibudusul (Member # 19346) on :
racist restauration^^
Posted by Mike111 (Member # 9361) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
^The person depicted in the mosaic is NOT Alexander OR a Greek. That is a ROMAN Uniform that he is wearing!
How many times must I tell you that Albino history is lies? Plus your logic is bad, Romans did not make Mosaics of Greeks.
As I have said before, Only two Roman Emperors are known to be depicted with a picture on their breastplates: Trajan and his Successor Hadrian.
Please explain why it is that after I have taught you this several times, you still revert to Albino nonsense.
Posted by Troll Patrol (Member # 18264) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: I have investigated and produced proof Cleopatra was most likely black. Now let us look was Alexander. What do we have?
the above Alexander mosaic was described by Plutarch
"He made Alexander's complexion appear too dark-skinned and swarthy, whereas we are told that he was fair-skinned, with a ruddy tinge that showed itself especially upon his face and chest."
From where did Alexander stem? What was his ethnic background?
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
Mike, retard, Alexander is wearing Greek leather armour in the painting and you have Roman metal armour up, you don't even have a match, stop it
Posted by xyyman (Member # 13597) on :
I am not sure I follow. contemporary ~330BC but was created 100BC. 250 Years later. Educate me.
Doesn't sound like an authentic depiction to me. Seems like the painter NEVER saw Alexander. Is it a fake?
Quote: "Above picture is
The Alexander Mosaic, dating from circa 100 BC, is a Roman floor mosaic originally from the House of the Faun in Pompeii. It depicts a battle between the armies of Alexander the Great and Darius III of Persia and measures 2.72 x 5.13m (8 ft 11in x 16 ft 9in).artist unknown The original is preserved in the Naples National Archaeological Museum. The mosaic is believed to be copy of an early 3rd Century BC Hellenistic painting, possibly by Philoxenos of Eretria.[
Apelles . The most celebrated of Grecian painters, born, most probably, at Colophon in Ionia, though some ancient writers call him a Coan and others an Ephesian. He was the contemporary of Alexander the Great (B.C. 336-323) " Posted by Mike111 (Member # 9361) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: Mike, retard, Alexander is wearing Greek leather armour in the painting and you have Roman metal armour up, you don't even have a match, stop it
Damn you're Stupid!
Plus you have bad eyesight,
Ask someone to compare the uniform of Hadrian on the statue with the uniform of the mosaic.
Then google a GREEK Generals uniform, and COMPARE that to the mosaic.
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
quote:Originally posted by Mike111:
At about 1,200 B.C, the Hellenes and Latin's invaded Southern Europe. The Hellenes conquered the native Pelasgians and Mycenaeans in Greece, while the Latin's conquered the native Etruscans and Gaul's in Italy, France, and surrounding areas. After usurping these civilizations, they eventually moved south into Anatolia, the Middle East, and North Africa. All the Black civilizations in these places were also conquered and usurped - this as a result of the great war-making abilities of Alexander the great, and his victory over the first Persian Empire in 334 B.C. (Egypt was by then a Persian vassal state). The last of the Black civilizations to fall, was the resurgent second Persian Empire (the Sassanian) at about 642 A.D. (This was ostensibly an Arab victory, but was in fact accomplished with mostly White troops).
Mike why are you bothering with Alexander of the 4th c BC when here you are saying whites took over hundreds of years before?
Posted by Mike111 (Member # 9361) on :
^Or are you lying just for the sake of lying?
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: I am not sure I follow. contemporary ~330BC but was created 100BC. 250 Years later. Educate me.
Doesn't sound like an authentic depiction to me. Seems like the painter NEVER saw Alexander. Is it a fake?
Quote: "Above picture is
The Alexander Mosaic, dating from circa 100 BC, is a Roman floor mosaic originally from the House of the Faun in Pompeii. It depicts a battle between the armies of Alexander the Great and Darius III of Persia and measures 2.72 x 5.13m (8 ft 11in x 16 ft 9in).artist unknown The original is preserved in the Naples National Archaeological Museum. The mosaic is believed to be copy of an early 3rd Century BC Hellenistic painting, possibly by Philoxenos of Eretria.[
Apelles . The most celebrated of Grecian painters, born, most probably, at Colophon in Ionia, though some ancient writers call him a Coan and others an Ephesian. He was the contemporary of Alexander the Great (B.C. 336-323) "
There's nothing fake about the mosaic.It's an artists rendition, not contemporary- someone who never saw Alexander in person of what they thought he looked like. Artists do historical paintings all the time, nobody said they were doing lifer portraits That's why I did a correction post Plutarch would probably have the same complaint about the mosiac however he was talking about Apelles
Apelles is the contemporary of Alexander. I'm not sure but I don't think the original Alexander with Thunderbolt exists only what is believes to be the Roman copy of it I posted earlier
One of the two, Minoan fisherman murals around 1500 BC Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
quote:Originally posted by Mike111:
At about 1,200 B.C, the Hellenes and Latin's invaded Southern Europe. The Hellenes conquered the native Pelasgians and Mycenaeans in Greece, while the Latin's conquered the native Etruscans and Gaul's in Italy, France, and surrounding areas. After usurping these civilizations, they eventually moved south into Anatolia, the Middle East, and North Africa. All the Black civilizations in these places were also conquered and usurped - this as a result of the great war-making abilities of Alexander the great, and his victory over the first Persian Empire in 334 B.C. (Egypt was by then a Persian vassal state). The last of the Black civilizations to fall, was the resurgent second Persian Empire (the Sassanian) at about 642 A.D. (This was ostensibly an Arab victory, but was in fact accomplished with mostly White troops).
Mike why are you bothering with Alexander of the 4th c BC when here you are saying whites took over hundreds of years before?
^Or are you lying just for the sake of lying?
[/QUOTE]
what are you talking about? the quote from you is up
you say here
"All the Black civilizations in these places were also conquered "
and the time period is several hundred years before Alexander
so why do you accuse me of lying ?
Posted by xyyman (Member # 13597) on :
So ....this is NOT a true artist rendition of Alexander the Great. This was created by someone 300years later.
Since there was no cameras back then....what can I say.
Another fake...maybe from the vivid imagination of a European?
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
[QUOTE]Originally posted by xyyman: [qb] I have investigated and produced proof Cleopatra was most likely black. Now let us look was Alexander. What do we have?
the above Alexander mosaic was described by Plutarch ;
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: [QB] So ....this is NOT a true artist rendition of Alexander the Great. This was created by someone 300years later.
Since there was no cameras back then....what can I say.
Another fake...maybe from the vivid imagination of a European?
you must know nothing about art.
Artists make historical art all the time. There is nothing fake about it. If someone makes a statue of Thomas Jefferson today that does not mean it's fake. It's dumb to call it fake. There are many thousands of images of Jesus or the Budda are they all fake even though none of them were made when they lived? Did the artist make false dates for the art pretending it was made when Jesus lived? NO. Therefore it's not fake, it's just from the artist's imagination. To call it "fake" is ignorant. And if an artist makes a painting or sculpture of a person at a time when that person lived that's no guarantee that the person looked liked how they decided to depict them. Fake is when you lie about the date of an artwork or claim it was made in person when it wasn't. If people are not trying to do that it's not fake
it's art
Posted by Mike111 (Member # 9361) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: Artists make historical art all the time. There is nothing fake about it. If someone makes a statue of Thomas Jefferson today that does not mean it's fake. It's dumb to call it fake. There are many thousands of images of Jesus or the Budda are they all fake even though none of them were made when they lived? Did the artist make false dates for the art pretending it was made when Jesus lived? NO. Therefore it's not fake, it's just from the artist's imagination. To call it "fake" is ignorant. And if an artist makes a painting or sculpture of a person at a time when that person lived that's no guarantee that the person looked liked how they decided to depict them. Fake is when you lie about the date of an artwork or claim it was made in person when it wasn't. If people are not trying to do that it's not fake
it's art
A lying Albino, defending the Albino institution of false race art, as innocent art.
And lamin probably believes it.
Those stupid enough to believe that the Albinos don't know exactly what they're doing, should try this test. Look at all the portraits of George Washington, did they paint any Black George Washington's? Rather, all of the hundreds, perhaps thousands, of portraits of George Washington - ALL LOOK LIKE GEORGE WASHINGTON!
Lioness is a liar, Albinos are Liars.
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
Mike you're going to half to remove about 90% of the art on your website. Most of people depicted are rendered in art made in periods after the person depicted had died, often long periods after, hundreds of years after. You can start with deleting all of the Buddhas, they were all made at least a few hundred years after his death, usually more Your site will have to come down for maintenance,
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: The Real George Washington (notice melanin)
________________FAKE FAKE FAKE
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
quote:Originally posted by Mike111:
Sometime around 1,200 B.C, the White invaders from Central Asia, who had three hundred years earlier, conquered the Black civilizations in Eastern Europe, invaded the Aegean area....
At about 1,200 B.C, the Hellenes and Latin's invaded Southern Europe. The Hellenes conquered the native Pelasgians and Mycenaeans in Greece, while the Latin's conquered the native Etruscans and Gaul's in Italy, France, and surrounding areas. After usurping these civilizations, they eventually moved south into Anatolia, the Middle East, and North Africa. All the Black civilizations in these places were also conquered and usurped - this as a result of the great war-making abilities of Alexander the great, and his victory over the first Persian Empire in 334 B.C. (Egypt was by then a Persian vassal state). The last of the Black civilizations to fall, was the resurgent second Persian Empire (the Sassanian) at about 642 A.D. (This was ostensibly an Arab victory, but was in fact accomplished with mostly White troops).
xyyman disregard Mike, above this piece on his website note the time periods he mentions here. Then refer to Alexander the Great's time period 4th BC as we see Alexander enters over 800 yrs later
Mike doesn't understand what contradiction is when floating around in his state of paranoid albino menaced delusion
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
(details of the two Minoan fisherman frescos, Akrotiri, Santorini, Greece.)
not too far apart
Posted by xyyman (Member # 13597) on :
You are missing the point Lioness. As you admitted. This is NOT a true likeness of Alexander.
Now that we get that out the way.
Next Question - are there any OTHER images of Alexander?
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: [QB] ...maybe from the vivid imagination of a European?
you must know nothing about art.
****it's just from the artist's imagination*****
Posted by xyyman (Member # 13597) on :
Man the more you read the more it becomes clear of the extent of European deception.
so post some more pictures of Alexander.
The more important thing is are there ANY images of him during his actual reign? No?
Posted by Mike111 (Member # 9361) on :
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: Man the more you read, the more it becomes clear of the extent of European deception.
That's what I've been telling you for years. The Albinos are stone-cold history revising liars.
Posted by xyyman (Member # 13597) on :
You know what Lioness. I MAY believe you ..that you are Black. You are not a vey good liar. White people are very good at it and you are not. You lie like a black person. And not very good at deception and misdirection either. First off – George Washington had many contemporary portraits. Most of them look very similar. So we can safely assume the picture on the one dollar bill is a true likeness of him. On Alexander The Great – Do we have any picture of him during his reign. Note: - I am not saying Alexander is Black. I am only trying to determine what he looked like based on physical evidence..and NOT… on what someone wrote about him 500years AFTER his death. If you don’t get it…Sound like the Bible…or Koran.
Posted by Mike111 (Member # 9361) on :
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: On Alexander The Great – Do we have any picture of him during his reign. Note: - I am not saying Alexander is Black. I am only trying to determine what he looked like based on physical evidence.
Lioness can't answer you. Once you have told her that she can't lie, she is powerless.
Posted by Mike111 (Member # 9361) on :
Posted by Mike111 (Member # 9361) on :
Posted by xyyman (Member # 13597) on :
@ Lioness So! If no one can produce an accurate image of Alexander…we can conclude that, that image is NOT him…therefore stop showing it as proof of what Alexander looked like. Next let’s look at what is written about his parental background. As TP pointed out…his ethnicity. Where was he born, what the people looked like there. Family history etc. Why he chose Africa to be buried always threw me for a loop.
Let’s try to get out the facts and leave out the fiction.. Anything written on him when he actually reigned.
Posted by Mike111 (Member # 9361) on :
^Why do the Albinos "NEED" to create "FAKE" images of an Albino Alexander???
HERE IS WHY!
MACEDONIANS WERE MULATTOES! Posted by Troll Patrol (Member # 18264) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: I am not sure I follow. contemporary ~330BC but was created 100BC. 250 Years later. Educate me.
Doesn't sound like an authentic depiction to me. Seems like the painter NEVER saw Alexander. Is it a fake?
Quote: "Above picture is
The Alexander Mosaic, dating from circa 100 BC, is a Roman floor mosaic originally from the House of the Faun in Pompeii. It depicts a battle between the armies of Alexander the Great and Darius III of Persia and measures 2.72 x 5.13m (8 ft 11in x 16 ft 9in).artist unknown The original is preserved in the Naples National Archaeological Museum. The mosaic is believed to be copy of an early 3rd Century BC Hellenistic painting, possibly by Philoxenos of Eretria.[
Apelles . The most celebrated of Grecian painters, born, most probably, at Colophon in Ionia, though some ancient writers call him a Coan and others an Ephesian. He was the contemporary of Alexander the Great (B.C. 336-323) "
There's nothing fake about the mosaic.It's an artists rendition, not contemporary- someone who never saw Alexander in person of what they thought he looked like. Artists do historical paintings all the time, nobody said they were doing lifer portraits That's why I did a correction post Plutarch would probably have the same complaint about the mosiac however he was talking about Apelles
Apelles is the contemporary of Alexander. I'm not sure but I don't think the original Alexander with Thunderbolt exists only what is believes to be the Roman copy of it I posted earlier
One of the two, Minoan fisherman murals around 1500 BC
Hummm, ok.
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: World Skin Tone Chart
-also depending on amount of time a population has been living at a particular latitude
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: [QB] You know what Lioness. I MAY believe you ..that you are Black. You are not a vey good liar. White people are very good at it and you are not. You lie like a black person. And not very good at deception and misdirection either. First off – George Washington had many contemporary portraits. Most of them look very similar. So we can safely assume the picture on the one dollar bill is a true likeness of him.
by your logic because the albinos made many fake paintings of George Washington, this real one below showing he was East African black must be fake
By your logic because the albinos produced numerous fake portraits of Charles V, this real one below must be fake. What are you an agent trying to promote the founding father of America and Charles V were albino ??
URL=http://www.ephotobay.com/share/picture-40-13.html] Posted by Mike111 (Member # 9361) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: by your logic because the albinos made many fake paintings of Geoerg Washington, this real one below showing he was East African black must be fake
When Lioness posts stupidity like this, she is showing great disrespect for us, and what we are trying to learn. I suggest everyone put her on ignore. To reply to such Albinoisms is to give it creditability.
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
xyyman, read the below and then try to pop shit to me about Alexander
thanks, lioness:
At about 1,200 B.C, the Hellenes and Latin's invaded Southern Europe. The Hellenes conquered the native Pelasgians and Mycenaeans in Greece, while the Latin's conquered the native Etruscans and Gaul's in Italy, France, and surrounding areas. After usurping these civilizations, they eventually moved south into Anatolia, the Middle East, and North Africa. All the Black civilizations in these places were also conquered and usurped - this as a result of the great war-making abilities of Alexander the great
too swarthy Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
quote:Originally posted by Mike111: When Lioness posts stupidity like this, she is showing great disrespect for us, and what we are trying to learn. I suggest everyone put her on ignore. To reply to such Albinoisms is to give it creditability.
^^^ Mike. has a whole website of bizarre claims about history that the gullible copy and now he's trying to play innocent "we are just humble folk trying to learn"
Posted by xyyman (Member # 13597) on :
Oookkkaay! Where is the authentic true image of Alexander. Forget the distraction. You are not good at it. There are authentic contemporary images of George.
Since you don't have it. Tell us about this mother and father.(Alexander)
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: Oookkkaay! Where is the authentic true image of Alexander. Forget the distraction. You are not good at it. There are authentic contemporary images of George.
Since you don't have it. Tell us about this mother and father.(Alexander)
The images are authentic. There are thosuands of paintings and sculptures of Jesus and the Buddha for instance, none made while they were alive but applying the term "not authentic" or "fake" is an incorrect way to decsribe them. "Inauthentic" applies to somebody deliberatly tryng to decieve. Example, somebody makes a painting in the style of Rembrandt today and then tries to pass it off as painted by Rembrandt. Or somebody makes a stone sculpture, intentionally damages it a little nad then tries to pass it off as an ancient Egyptian artifact. That's when you apply the term " not authentic" Either the portarit was made during the lifetime of the person or it wasn't. Either it was mad in person by an official portrait artist or it wasn't. But if somebody makes a portrait of Napoleon today it's still a portrait, just not one from life. It doesn't mean it's fake or inauthentic
^^^ for instance, the provenance of this head is uncertain, Petrie bought it in a shop in Egypt and believed it to be Narmer. Either the shopkeeper told him that or it was his guess. As far as I know he never described how he came to the conclusion it was Narmer (or Menes tec..)
Most depictions are honest artist renditions done after Alexander's death based on their best guesses or interpretation of what he looked like.
Ptolemy I was the first of the Hellenistic kings to use his own image on coins. Before this only images of Alexander, and common mythological scenes, were ever portrayed. The portrayal of a human on coins was a relatively new phenomenon, which perhaps places Alexander in league with the gods. However it was not long after the reforms of Philip and Alexander that representing the King became ‘well-established motifs in justifying claims to kingship.’[3] The first Hellenistic coinage minted by Ptolemy I, as satrap in Egypt, represented Alexander with many divine symbols. Ptolemy’s first tetradrachm of Alexander appeared from 318 B.C. onwards, barely five years after Alexander’s death. Margarete Bieber suggests Ptolemy’s coins ‘heap divine symbols on Alexander’, whereby he is depicted with the ram’s horns of Ammon, the elephant’s scalp of Dionysus and finally the aegis of Zeus.[4] Ptolemy accepted his position as Pharaoh, following Alexander in his orientalism. Alexander is coupled with many divinities, ranging from Egyptian to Greek; the images are possibly varied to suit both Greek and Egyptian audiences. Although Ptolemy’s implications are unclear, he possibly used the images to establish Alexander’s divinity, yet he may plausibly have been merely asserting Alexander’s reverence to the gods. F. Walbank proposes such coins provide evidence for ‘political pretensions, military ambitions and… economic policy’, likewise Graham Shipley suggests they ‘validate… economic and political authority’. Both views fail to recognise any religious significance, and perhaps focus too greatly on the element of political propaganda.[5] Nevertheless it is necessary to point out the relevance of political persuasion in coinage; Alexander’s deeds were famous, his acts generally admired, and as coinage reached the whole Greek world it was greatly effective mass media, unlike certain elite art and literature which bypassed much of the populace.
Alexander III The Great, Macedonian Kingdom, 336 - 323 B.C.
The coin above (ca. 305 BCE) shows Alexander the Great who was crowned Pharaoh at Memphis in 332 BCE, here he is shown with the horns of Ammon, clad in elephant's skin and aegis. Alexander's elephant skin symbolizes his victories in India, demonstrating the use of coins to publicize military success. The reverse side shows Athena Alkidemos walking to the right, with spear and shield. Also, this coin illustrates the general tendency of Ptolemaic coins to use Greek religious symbols and Greek inscriptions.
The only image of Alexander to survive from his lifetime"
In 326 BC Alexander the Great's conquest of the world had taken him as far east as India, where he fought a successful battle at the River Hydaspes with the Indian king Porus. It is generally accepted that this coin is from a series issued by the victorious Alexander, perhaps after his return to Babylon in 324 BC, although there is no firm evidence for its place of production, and Alexander's name is absent from these coins and their accompanying issues.
If they were issued by Alexander then they are remarkable historical documents. On the front of the coin is depicted a figure on horseback, presumably Alexander, attacking a figure riding an elephant, perhaps intended to represent Porus, or a generic Indian warrior. On the back is a standing figure wearing a Macedonian cloak, a Persian head-dress and Greek armour. He is almost certainly intended to represent Alexander the Great, but carries in his hand a thunderbolt, a clear sign of divinity. If Alexander was the issuer of these coins, it is undeniable that he is making claims to divinity in his own lifetime.
G.K. Jenkins, Ancient Greek coins (London, Seaby, 1990)
A mural in Pompeii depicting the marriage of Alexander the Great to Barsine (Stateira) in 324 BC. Roman copy of a Greek painting 1st century AD
Posted by Troll Patrol (Member # 18264) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: xyyman, read the below and then try to pop shit to me about Alexander
thanks, lioness:
At about 1,200 B.C, the Hellenes and Latin's invaded Southern Europe. The Hellenes conquered the native Pelasgians and Mycenaeans in Greece, while the Latin's conquered the native Etruscans and Gaul's in Italy, France, and surrounding areas. After usurping these civilizations, they eventually moved south into Anatolia, the Middle East, and North Africa. All the Black civilizations in these places were also conquered and usurped - this as a result of the great war-making abilities of Alexander the great
too swarthy
Hummm, ok. LOL at Eurocentrism. Greece is only a small spot, yet is so pose to have a multi variety of people with completely different traits. At the same time the entire African continent can not have multi ethnic groups based on situ development. But again, Greece can. LOL
Let's see again how it worked.
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: World Skin Tone Chart
-also depending on amount of time a population has been living at a particular latitude
Posted by Troll Patrol (Member # 18264) on :
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: Oookkkaay! Where is the authentic true image of Alexander. Forget the distraction. You are not good at it. There are authentic contemporary images of George.
Since you don't have it. Tell us about this mother and father.(Alexander)
Xyyman, here is another example of passing a fake as real:
Versus the real,
Posted by Troll Patrol (Member # 18264) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: [QB] You know what Lioness. I MAY believe you ..that you are Black. You are not a vey good liar. White people are very good at it and you are not. You lie like a black person. And not very good at deception and misdirection either. First off – George Washington had many contemporary portraits. Most of them look very similar. So we can safely assume the picture on the one dollar bill is a true likeness of him.
by your logic because the albinos made many fake paintings of George Washington, this real one below showing he was East African black must be fake
By your logic because the albinos produced numerous fake portraits of Charles V, this real one below must be fake. What are you an agent trying to promote the founding father of America and Charles V were albino ??
The enslavement of Africans started right after the Moors civilization was destroyed. Moors ruled Spain from 711 to 1492
Chronology of the year 1452, the year 1466, the year 1492, the year 1493, the year 1591:
"Popes For Slavery"
Pope Nicholas V issued the papal bull Dum Diversas on 18 June, 1452.
It authorised Alfonso V of Portugal to reduce any “Saracens (Muslims) and pagans and any other unbelievers” to perpetual slavery. This facilitated the Portuguese slave trade from West Africa.
The same pope wrote the bull Romanus Pontifex on January 5, 1455 to the same Alfonso.
As a follow-up to the Dum diversas, it extended to the Catholic nations of Europe dominion over discovered lands during the Age of Discovery. Along with sanctifying the seizure of non-Christian lands, it encouraged the enslavement of native, non-Christian peoples in Africa and the New World.
“We weighing all and singular the premises with due meditation, and noting that since we had formerly by other letters of ours granted among other things free and ample faculty to the aforesaid King Alfonso -- to invade, search out, capture, vanquish, and subdue all Saracens and pagans whatsoever, and other enemies of Christ wheresoever placed, and the kingdoms, dukedoms, principalities, dominions, possessions, and all movable and immovable goods whatsoever held and possessed by them and to reduce their persons to perpetual slavery, and to apply and appropriate to himself and his successors the kingdoms, dukedoms, counties, principalities, dominions, possessions, and goods, and to convert them to his and their use and profit…”
In 1493 Alexander VI issued the bull Inter Caetera stating one Christian nation did not have the right to establish dominion over lands previously dominated by another Christian nation, thus establishing the Law of Nations.
Together, the Dum Diversas, the Romanus Pontifex and the Inter Caetera came to serve as the basis and justification for the Doctrine of Discovery, the global slave-trade of the 15th and 16th centuries, and the Age of Imperialism.
1492 Battle of Granada - January 2 - Ferdinand II of Aragon defeated the last Muslim kingdom in Andalusia, Granada of sultan Boabdil
1492 - Columbus reaches America.
1591 feb 28, The Sultan of Morocco launched his successful attack to capture Timbuktu. Morocco sent soldiers under the Muslim Spaniard Judar Pasha to conquer Songhai. After a five month journey across the Sahara, Pasha arrived, his soldiers carried guns and Gao. The 25,000 men of the Songhai were no match for the guns, Timbuktu and most of Songhai fall. The Songhai had guns too. But most of them didn’t know yet, how the gun worked. A lot of books were taken to Morocco.
Today, there are still 700,000 manuscripts in Timbuktu and surroundings that are on the verge of being lost if the appropriate action is not taken. These manuscripts represent a turning point in the history of Africa and its people. The translation and publication of the manuscripts of Timbuktu will restore self-respect, pride, honor and dignity to the people of Africa and those descended from Africa; it will also obliterate the stereo-typical images of Tarzan and primitive savages as true representation of Africa and its civilization.
The manuscripts of Timbuktu are a living testimony of the highly advanced and refined civilization in Sub-Sahara Africa. Before the European Renaissance, Timbuktu flourished as the greatest academic and commercial center in Africa. Great empires such as Ghana, Mali, and Songhai were proofs of the talents, creativity and ingenuity of the African people. The University of Timbuktu produced both Black African scholars and leaders of the highest rank, character and nobility.
The manuscripts of Timbuktu cover diverse subjects such as mathematics, chemistry, physics, optics, astronomy, medicine, Islamic sciences, history, geography, the traditions, government legislation and treaties, jurisprudence and much more.
St Mary Redcliffe: Argent, 3 Moor's heads
It's all self explanatory here, if you ask me.
Original painting of george washington with Benjamin Banneker aka Prince Hall aka Prince Whipple aka Ben Franklin...wearing a red turban...
33 Posted by Troll Patrol (Member # 18264) on :
Detail of a statue of St. Maurice, patron saint of the Holy Roman Empire, 1973 Sandstone (traces of polychromy remaining) Magdeburg, Germany, Cathedral of St. Maurice and St. Catherine, choir, ca. 1240-50 [The Black in Medieval Science: What Significance?] ^
The Holy Roman Empire and the Habsburgs, 1400–1600
Saint Maurice, ca. 1522–25 Lucas Cranach the Elder (German, 1472–1553) and Workshop Oil on wood 54 x 15 1/2 in. (137.2 x 39.4 cm) Bequest of Eva F. Kollsman, 2005 (2006.469)
^
^
quote: This panel, which formed the left wing of an altarpiece, represents Maurice, the Roman legion commander from Thebes who was martyred in the late third century for refusing orders to slaughter the Christians of Gaul. Painted by Lucas Cranach the Elder and his workshop about 1522–25, it was likely among the many works commissioned for the church at Halle, which was rededicated as a collegiate church in 1523, by Cardinal Albrecht de Brandenburg (1490–1545), archbishop-elector of Mainz and the most powerful prelate in the Holy Roman Empire. The church at Halle became a showplace for Albrecht's art patronage, and it housed the preeminent collection of reliquaries in Northern Europe. Duly recorded in the inventory of more than 8,200 relics was a lifesize reliquary statue of Maurice, the patron saint of the empire, outfitted in a suit of silver armor trimmed with gold, precious gems, and pearls. The Metropolitan's painting reproduces this magnificent object. The collar of the Golden Fleece pendant, the Saint Andrew's cross between sparkling flintstones in the pauldrons, the imperial eagle on the banner, and the glittering ceremonial sword are all references to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1519–56).
The Marka (also Marka Dafing, Meka, or Maraka) people are a Soninke people of northwest Mali. They speak the Manding Marka language.
Warriors, Merchants, and Slaves: The State and the Economy in the Middle Niger Valley By Richard L. Roberts
. Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
Alexander as pharaoh on a relief in Luxor in the temple of Amenhotep III
Posted by Troll Patrol (Member # 18264) on :
quote:Originally posted by malibudusul: Plutarch was among the unimpressed, deciding that it had failed accurately to reproduce Alexander's colouring:
"He made Alexander's complexion appear too dark-skinned and swarthy, whereas we are told that he was fair-skinned, with a ruddy tinge that showed itself especially upon his face and chest."
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: Alexander as pharaoh on a relief in Luxor in the temple of Amenhotep III
Alexander III of Macedon was never accepted as a Pharaoh in Egypt.
He forced himself upon the Egyptian priests the initiate him, but they did not!
So he proclaimed himself as such! It did facilitate the Ptolemaic period. Which on its turn facilitiated the The Council of Nicea.
Posted by Troll Patrol (Member # 18264) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: The Atlantic Slave Trade: Effects on Economies, Societies and Peoples in Africa edited by Joseph E. Inikori, Stanley L. Engerman
We know the main paternal line in Northwest Africa is E-M81. In the Western Sahara it's abundantly. The more we get to the coast the lesser it becomes.
deleted. Just saw the location.
Posted by xyyman (Member # 13597) on :
Hmmmmm Interesting. 40% E1b in Macedonia. And his mother?
=== Quote: In 360 B.C., an extraordinary individual, Philip II of Macedonia (northern Greece), came to power. In less than a decade, he had defeated most of Macedonia's neighboring enemies
quote:Originally posted by Troll Patrol: [QUOTE]Originally posted by malibudusul: [qb] Plutarch was among the unimpressed, deciding that it had failed accurately to reproduce Alexander's colouring:
"
The Rise of Macedonia and the Conquests of Alexander III of Macedon
^ I think it was in their memory. So they returned, but weren't accepted. But we do see a relatively high frequency of V13 in lower Egypt, and a downstream towards Upper Egypt. LOL
Mike stated they were/ are mulatas. What do you think?
Posted by xyyman (Member # 13597) on :
This is what we are trying to determine.
So far we have
1. Macedonians - are at a latitude where drak skin is the norm. 2. 50%(currently carry African lineage) 3. Most have black hair and dark eyes 4. There is no clear accurate portriat of Alexander. All that circualte in Museums and on the net are "fake"
I am leaning towards "swarthy".... Malidusul
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
Elgin Marble, original Greek sculpture, from Parthenon
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: Elgin Marble, original Greek sculpture, from Parthenon
Posted by the lioness, (Member # 17353) on :
Poseidon, Apollo, and Artemis
in a council of the gods and originally appeared on the east end of the Parthenon. It is the only piece of the famous Elgin Marbles that remains in Greece - the Acropolis Museum in Athens - and was made around 440 BCE.
quote:Originally posted by xyyman: Hmmmmm Interesting. 40% E1b in Macedonia. And his mother?
=== Quote: In 360 B.C., an extraordinary individual, Philip II of Macedonia (northern Greece), came to power. In less than a decade, he had defeated most of Macedonia's neighboring enemies
quote:Originally posted by Troll Patrol: [QUOTE]Originally posted by malibudusul: [qb] Plutarch was among the unimpressed, deciding that it had failed accurately to reproduce Alexander's colouring:
"
The Rise of Macedonia and the Conquests of Alexander III of Macedon
I don't know about his mother, I have to look it up.
There are some iTunes-courses on this matter. Meaning classics.
Subtyping of Y-chromosomal haplogroup E-M78 (E1b1b1a) by SNP assay and its forensic application S. Caratti, et al.
Here, we describe a system for the molecular dissection of haplogroup E-M78 (E1b1b1a), consisting of multiplex polymerase chain reaction and minisequencing of M78 and nine population-informative Y-SNPs (M148, M224, V12, V13, V19, V22, V27, V32, V65) in a single reaction.
Phylogeny of Y-chromosome haplogroups and their frequencies (%) in the examined populations. Nomenclature and haplogroup labelling according to the Y Chromosome Consortium (http://ycc.biosci.arizona.edu/) updated according to Karafet et al. 32 *Paragroups: Y chromosomes not defined by any phylogenetic downstream-reported and -examined mutation. aIntrapopulation haplogroup diversity. The terminal markers of haplogroups E-V12 and E-V13 (V32 and V27, respectively) were typed but did not show any variation.
Frequency (left) and variance (right) distributions of the main Y-chromosome haplogroups, I-M423, E-V13 and J-M241, observed in this survey. Frequency data are reported in Figure 2, variance data are relative to the examined microsatellite reported in the Supplementary Table S2. We acknowledge that interpolated spatial frequency surfaces should be viewed with caution because of sample size.41 Data from this study. Frequency and variance values were assigned to sample-collection places (dots). Population samples (geographically close) with less than five observations were pooled and the corresponding variance assigned to a middle position of the pooled sample locations. +Data from the literature.13, 23, 27, 28, 36, 45, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54
Hummm, ok. LOL at Eurocentrism. Greece is only a small spot, yet is so pose to have a multi variety of people with completely different traits. At the same time the entire African continent can not have multi ethnic groups based on situ development. But again, Greece can. LOL
Let's see again how it worked.
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: World Skin Tone Chart
-also depending on amount of time a population has been living at a particular latitude
Posted by Troll Patrol (Member # 18264) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,:
Poseidon, Apollo, and Artemis
in a council of the gods and originally appeared on the east end of the Parthenon. It is the only piece of the famous Elgin Marbles that remains in Greece - the Acropolis Museum in Athens - and was made around 440 BCE.
What kind of mediocre is this. It's based on mythology, not reality.
Posted by IronLion (Member # 16412) on :
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: The Atlantic Slave Trade: Effects on Economies, Societies and Peoples in Africa edited by Joseph E. Inikori, Stanley L. Engerman
The animated image of Il Moro seen here is the inspired, unique projection of a simple heraldic device already in long use by elite families and civic authorities in medieval and Renaissance Europe.
Displayed on innumerable flags and coats of arms, this was the silhouetted head of a moor, understood to be a black man, wearing a white headband.
The rationale for its use varied from a pun on a family name (such as Morese equals moor) to an evocation of universal authority.
Here, this durable image has been given three-dimensional form, coming to life as the living embodiment of an actual head of state.
