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The Olmec religion or cult associations provide the best example of Mande: Malinke-Bambara cultural influences among the Olmecs. The best source of information on the Malinke-Bambara religion is G. Dieterlen (1957) Essai sur le religion Bambara . Dieterlen makes it clear that the Mande culture was transmitted within the Komow : traditional secret society of the Mande.
The two main deities of the Mande were Bemba and Faro. Bemba was the invisible Creator of mankind. Faro, was the visible god who was recognized as androgynous (male-female). The symbol of faro was twins. As a result, in traditional Malinke-Bambara society twins represented the two fold nature of Faro
We learn from the Dieterlen that the first Bambara-Malinke ancestors transformed into Birds and hyenas (Felines). This tradition led to the origin of the two major Mande cult associations Kuno (Bird) and Nama (Feline), gyo/jo ‘cult associations
The Nama (feline) initiatory society was organized to maintain order within society. The members of this jo were to insure ceremonial unity and defeat sorcery The leader of the Nama Jo , wear mask which combine totems of komo, horns and the mask represented immense spiritual power according to Zahan Dominique (1974), The Bambara .
The Komo was administered by sculptor-smiths. Their role was to guard society from people committing antisocial acts and protect people from malevolent spirits.
The leader of the Jo cult association was the Komo-tigi ‘chief of the komo’ . The Komo, teaches initiates ‘leadership’, self-sufficiency, military prowess and scientific knowledge.
The komo acculturated the Mande children. Thusly the children in the komo were called tigi-denw: ‘children of the tigi’ . The children often served as tigi-tuguw “carriers of the torches’.
The children belonged to the ntomo or n’domo . The ntomo association was charged with making the initiates “noble”.
And understanding of the traditional, pre-Islamic religion of the Malinke-Bambara allows us an intimate understanding of the Olmec religion.
The principal Olmec cult associations was that of the bird and the feline. This religious tradition of the Olmec, passed on to the Maya, are mentioned in the Book of Chumayel, which maintains that the three main cult associations that are suppose to have existed in ancient times were (1) the stone (cutters) cult, (2) the jaguar cult and (3) the bird cult. In lines 4-6 of the Book of Chumayel , we read that "Those with their sign in the bird, those with their sign in the stone, flat worked stone, those with their sign in the Jaguar-three emblems-".(Brotherston 1979).
The Olmec left testimony to this religious tradition in their art. These documents in sto ne indicate that the Olmec had to cult associations that of the Bird Mask and that of the Feline Mask. The Book of Chumayel, corresponds to the gylphs depicted on Monument 13 at La Venta .
. On Monument 13, at La Venta a personage in profile, he has a headress on his head and wears a breechcloth, jewels and sandals, along with four glyphs listed one above the other. The glyphs included the stone, the jaguar, and the bird emblems. Monument 13, at La Venta also has a fourth sign to the left of the personage a foot gylphs. This monument has been described as an altar or a low column.
The foot in Olmec is called "se", this symbols means to "lead or advance toward knowledge, or success". The "se" (foot) sign of the komow (cults) represent the beginning of the Olmec initiates pursuit of knowledge.
The meaning of Monument 13, reading from top to bottom, are a circle kulu/ kaba (the stone), nama (jaguar) and the kuno (bird). The interpretation of this column reading from left to right is "The advance toward success--power--for the initiate is obedience to the stone cutters cult, jaguar cult and the bird cult". The Jaguar mask association dominated the Olmec Gulf region.
In the central and southern Olmec regions we find the bird mask association predominate as typified by the Xoc bas relief of Chiapas, and the Bas Relief No.2, of Chalcatzingo. Another bird mask cult association was located in the state of Guerrero as evidenced by the humano-bird figure of the Stelae from San Miguel Amuco.
The religious orders spoken of in this stela are the Bird and Jaguar cults. These Olmec cults were Nama or the Humano-Jaguar cult; and Kuno or Bird cult. The leader of the Nama cult was called the Nama-tigi (see Nama chief Illustration 7 Stela No.5 Izapa) , or Amatigi (head of the faith). The leader of the Kuno cult was the Kuno-tigi (Kuno chief see Illustration 6 Stela No.5). These cult leaders initiated the Olmec into the mysteries of the cult.
Among the Olmecs this flame signified the luminous character of knowledge. The Kuno priest wears a conical hat(see Illustration No.6). The evidence of the conical hat on the Kuno priest is important evidence of the Manding in ancient America. The conical hat in Meso-America is associated with Amerindian priesthood and as a symbol of political and religious authority . Leo Wiener (1922, v.II: p.321) wrote that: "That the kingly and priestly cap of the Magi should have been preserved in America in the identical form, with the identical decoration,and should, besides, have kept the name current for it among the Mandingo [Malinke-Bambara/Manding] people , makes it impossible to admit any other solution than the one that the Mandingoes established the royal offices in Mexico".
Acculturation of children was an important part duty of the Olmec priesthood. As a result we find many examples of children being provided knowledge by the priest.
The Olmec child is very evident in Olmec art. To the Olmec childhood represent the primitive state of mankind, when man was pure and ignorant of nature. Thus the child in Olmec art represents the human being when he left his creator’s hands: uncircumcised and androgynous.
Adults respected children very much. This view is supported by the motifs on Altar No.5 of LaVenta. On this monument we see a personage emerging from the stone altar with the glyph po gbe ‘Pure Righteousness’ on his headdress. He is carrying a babe in his arms resting on his lap.
On the other side of the monument we see two personages, each with a different helmet style. These scenes suggest that the Olmec child was to learn wisdom, this is illustrated by the animated conversation between the child and the priest.
On the right-hand side we see a priest and a child again. This time the priest has a snake on his helmet. Instead of carrying the child on his lap in this scene, the child is carried on the personage’s side and wearing a jaguar mask. This indicates that once the child completed the initiation he was recognized a individual to be respected capable of giving advise to adults.
These examples from Olmec iconography make it clear that the Olmec religion is exactly the same as the pre-Islamic religion of the Malinke Bambara.
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African people wear mask in their religion and festival. Olmec/Xi people wear mask .The Venetian wear mask in their festival and party. The movie eye wide shut show a Venetian mask party .Japanese samurai wear mask with horn when they go to war .Cartoon hero like Batman,spiderman wear mask .Mask are very nice I have to buy my self an African or Venetian mask. The Mande are a great people they build empire and kingdom in China,Mexico,Persia,North Africa and West Africa .The Mande of the 21st century failed to build Mali as a powerful country .Mali in 2012 because of age old tribalisnm/ethnicism is divided in two .
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Give it a rest already, Clyde. You have been debunked by so many scholars, and deemed a crack-pot Afrocentrist. South American history has nothing to do with African Blacks, NOTHING, except for slavery, when the continent was introduced to the Negros in 1492.
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The Olmec came from Saharan Africa. They spoke a Mande language. Evidence of this connection comes from the fact:
1) both groups used jade to make their tools.
2) both groups made large stone heads. Here is an African head dating back to the same period.
3) The Mande came to Mexico in boats from the Sahara down the ancient Niger River that formerly emptied in the Sahara or they could have made their way to the Atlantic Ocean down the Senegal River.
4) The Olmec writing points back to a Mande origin in Africa.
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5) Olmec skeletons that are African.
6) Similar white, and red-and-black pottery.
7) Introduction of the 13 month 20 day calendar.
8) Mayan adoption of the Mande term for writing.
9)Mande religious and culture terms adopted by Mayan people.
10) Pyramids in Nigeria
Here is my latest article on the African Origin of the Olmecs:
Clyde, 1) what book is this from? 2) what is the size of it?
It's a very longhead and with a small forehead and large chin. It doesn't have squarish very broad proportions of the colossal Olmec heads at all, nor the skull cap. It has very little resemblance to the Olmec heads and is more crude and much less realistic, even though the Olmec heads are not entirely realistic either
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The best evidence for African Olmecs is the Cascajal tablet. This tablet was found six (6) years ago in Mexico.
The Olmec writing on the Cascajal tablet is an obituary for a King Bi Po. This writing is written in Hieroglyphic Olmec (Winters,2006). Hieroglyphic Olmec includes multiple linear Olmec signs which are joined together to make pictures of animals, faces and other objects.
Some researchers have recognized insects and other objects in the signs. In reality these signs are made up several different Olmec linear signs (Winters,1998).
To read the Olmec writing I use the Vai script. The Vai script includes a number of syllabic signs that have been used to engrave rocks in the Sahara for the past 4000 years. I read the signs in Malinke-Bambara which was the spoken language of the Olmec.
The Olmec writing is read right to left top to bottom. Each segment of the Olmec sign has to be broken down into its individual syllabic sign. In most cases the Olmec signs includes two or more syllabic characters. The Olmec signs can be interpreted as follows:
1. La fe ta gyo 2. Bi yu 3. Pa po yu 4. Se ta I su 5. Ta kye 6. Beb be 7. Bi Po Yu to 8. Tu fa ku 9. Tu pa pot u 10. Ta gbe pa 11. i-tu 12. Bi Yu yo po 13. Kye gyo 14. Po lu 15. Fe ta yo i 16. Be kye 17. Fe gina 18. Po bi po tu 19. Lu kye gyo to 20. Kye tu a pa 21. Yu gyo i 22. Pa ku pa 23. Po yu 24. Day u kye da 25. Po ta kye tap o 26. Ta gbe 27. Bi Fa yu 28. Bi Yu / Paw
Translation Reading the Cascajal Tablet from right to left we have the following:
(8) Bi Po lays in state in the tomb, (7) desiring to be endowed with mysterious faculties.
(6) This abode is possessed by the Governor . (5)…. (4) Bi Po Po.
(3) Bi (was), (2) an Artisan desires to be consecrated to the divinity. (1) (and He) merits thou offer of libations.
(14). Admiration (for) the cult specialist’s hemisphere tomb. (13) The inheritance of thou vital spirit is consecration to the divinity.
(12) In a place of righteous admiration, (11) Pure Bi (in a) pure abode
(10) A pure mark of admiration (is) this hemispheric tomb.
(9) [Here] lays low (the celebrity) [he] is gone.
(22) The place of righteousness, [is] (21) the pure hemispheric tomb
(20) (19) Thou (art) obedient to the Order. (18) Hold upright the Order (and) the divinity of the sacred cult.
(17) Pure Admiration this place of, (16) Bi the Vital Spirit. (15) [Truly this is ] a place consecrated to the divinity and propriety.
27) Lay low (the celebrity) to go to , (26) love the mystic order—thou vivid image of the race,
(25) The pure Govenor and (24) Devotee [of the Order lies in this] hemispheric tomb ,desires [to be] a talisman effective in providing one with virtue, (23) [He] merits thou offer of Libations.
(34) Command Respect. (33)….this place of admiration. (32) Thou sacred inheritance is propriety. (31) The Govenor commands existence in a unique state, (31) [in] this ruler’s hemispheric tomb. (29) The Royal (28) [was] a vigorous man.
(36) The pure habitation (35) [of a ]Ruler obedient to the Order. (37) This abode is possessed by the governor. (38) Admiration to you [who art] obedient to the Order. (49) Pure admiration [for this] tomb. (48) Thou hold upright the pure law. (47). Pure admiration [for this tomb]. (46) [It] acts [as] a talisman effective in providing one with virtue. (45) Bi Po, (44) a pure man, (43) of wonder, (42) [whose] inheritance is consecration to the Divinity. (41) Bi Po lays in state in the tomb, (40) desiring to be endowed with mysterious faculties. (62) Bi Po lays in state in the tomb. (61) [This] tomb [is a] sacred object, (60) a place of righteous wonder. (59) Bi’s tomb (58) [is in] accord [with] the law (57) Bi exist in a unique (and) pure state the abode of the Govenor is pure.. (56) The inheritance of [this] Ruler is joy. (55) [In] this tomb of King Bi (54) lays low a celebrity, [he] is gone. (53) The tomb of Bi (52) is a dormitory [of] love. A place consacreted to the divinity. (51) Thou the vivid image of the race love(d) the mystic order. (50) [He] merits [your] offer of Libations.
This translation of the Cascajal tablet makes it clear that the tablet was written for a local ruler at San Lorenzo called Bi Po. This tablet indicates that Bi Po’s tomb was recognized as a sacred site. It also indicates that the Olmecians believed that if they offered libations at the tombs of their rulers they would gain blessings.
The Cascajal Tablet according to the road builders at the village was found in a mound. The fact that a mound existed where the tablet was found offers considerable support to the idea that the mound where the tablet was found is the tomb of BiPoPo.
The obituary on the Cascajal Tablet may be written about one of the Royals among Olmec heads found at San Lorenzo. The Cascajal Tablet may relate to the personage depicted in San Lorenzo monument 3. Head 3 San Lorenzo
We have found that the names of these rulers is probably found among the symbols associated with the individual Olmec heads. The headband on monument 3 is made up of four parallel ropes encircling the head. In the parallel ropes there are two serrated figures that cross the ropes diagonally.
There is also a plaited diadem or four braids on the back of the figure covered with serrated element. On the side of the head of monument 3, two serrated elements on four parallel lines hang. This element ends with a three-tiered element hanging.
In the Olmec writing the serrated elements means Bi, while the boxes under the serrated element within the four parallel lines would represent the words PoPo. This suggest that the name for monument 3 was probably BiPoPo.
The hanging element on monument 3 is similar to one of the signs on the Cascajal tablet. Although symbol 57 on the Cascajal monument is hard to recognize it appears to include the Bi sign on the top of the symbol. This finding indicates that the BiPoPo of monument 3, is most likely the BiPo(Po) mentioned in the Cascajal Tablet.
Cascajal Sign 57
Stirling said that monument 3 was found at the bottom of a deep ravine half-a-mile southwest of the principal mound of San Lorenzo, along with ceramic potsherds. This is interesting because the village of Cascajal is situated southwest of San Lorenzo.
According to reports of the discovery of the road builders who found the Cascajal Tablet, the tablet came from a mound at Cascajal which was located about a mile from San Lorenzo. The coincidence of finding San Lorenzo Monument 3 in the proximity of the Cascajal mound where the Cascajal Tablet was found suggest that these artifacts concern the same personage. This leads to the possibility that the Cascajal mound was the tomb of BiPoPo.
In conclusion the Cascajal Tablet is an obituary for a Olmec ruler named BiPoPo.
Given the presence of similar signs on the Olmec head called San Lorenzo monument 3, which also read BiPoPo suggest that the Cascajal Tablet was written for the personage depicted in Olmec head 3.
Head 3 San Lorenzo
If the Cascajal Tablet really corresponds to one of the Olmec heads suggest that Cascajal may have been a royal burial site. If this is the case it is conceivable that other tablets relating to Olmec rulers may also be found at this locale, since some of these other mounds may be the “hemispheric” tombs of other Olmec rulers.
References to African Inscriptions:
M. Delafosse, Vai leur langue et leur ysteme d'ecriture,L'Anthropologie, 10 (1910).
Lambert, N. (1970). Medinet Sbat et la Protohistoire de Mauritanie Occidentale, Antiquites Africaines, 4, pp.15-62.
Lambert, N. L'apparition du cuivre dans les civilisations prehistoriques. In C.H. Perrot et al Le Sol, la Parole et 'Ecrit (Paris: Societe Francaise d'Histoire d'Outre Mer) pp.213-226.
R. Mauny, Tableau Geographique de l'Ouest Afrique Noire. Histoire et Archeologie (Fayard);
Kea,R.A. (2004). Expansion and Contractions: World-Historical Change and the Western Sudan World-System (1200/1000BC-1200/1250A.D.) Journal of World-Systems Research, 3, pp.723-816
quote:Originally posted by Clyde Winters: [QB] The olmec heads are realistic. They are representations of actual Olmec rulers.
^^^^ A head that wide is not realistic and is particularly atypical of Africans. Also Clyde, you didn't identify the source of the stone African head you posted and it's size. If you can't give basic caption information what's the point? .
_________________________________________Ek Chuah Ek Chuah is the sixth most commonly depicted deity in the codices, and is portrayed 40 times. He has a thick, pendulous lower lip and is generally painted in black, with a long beard in the Tro-Cortesian codex, or partially black, in the Dresden codex. In the former, his mouth is always surrounded by a dull red circle which makes his thick lips stand out. The hieroglyph of his name is an eye with a black ring. Ek Chuah which means “black scorpion” is the god of war and trade, usually represented with the color black, the color of war. It is said that he has a double and contradictory nature: on the one hand, malevolent, as the god of war, and on the other hand, benefactor, as the god of traveling merchants. So depending on the needs of the people were the requests made to Ek Chuah He was beneficial god for traveling merchants. As a beneficent god, he appears carrying a bundle of goods on his back, like a traveling merchant, and in some places he is shown with the head of Xamán Ek, god of the North Star, who, as we will see, is said to have been "The Merchants' Guide".
As a warrior Ek Chuah sometimes defeats in war and other times he is defeated by other gods. Tradition describes that he always leans on a cane, which is a spear, to distract the enemy, and once he attacks, his spear ignites the primordial fire in the center of the cosmos, he shakes a spherical rattle and carries the axe with which Chaac (god of rain) produces the rays.
Ek Chuah is the opposite pole of the god Xaman Ek (god of the North Star). Both are eternal rivals, representing the duality light-shadows in the Mayan culture. Finally, Ek Chuah was the patron of cacao, and the owners of plantations of this crop conducted a ceremony in his honor in the month of Muán. This god was a friend to the Maya. It should be borne in mind that Mayan commerce extended from Xicalango, on the Laguna de Terminos on the Gulf of Mexico, to the mountains of Chiapas, and along the Caribbean coast as far as Honduras. It continued after the collapse of the Maya until the arrival of the Spaniards.
The principal Mayan god of merchants was Ek Chuah (ek means "star" and chuah means "black" in Yucatec Maya), who was also the god of cacao. The connection lies in the fact that cacao seeds were used as currency throughout Meso-America.
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Even is filthy monkey must realize that we all know how it operates, but it still posts links saying read my papers! LOL
Hey as far as I am concerned, just more fodder for the fire yall! Read this monkeys papers that he puts on sites while clearly commiting fraud.
In all frankness we would like to see all of your papers you filthy monkey.
Whats really sad is that this piece of shiit us using an actual person Clyde Ahmad Williams, who fell on hard times decades ago to create this deception.\\\we want to see all that you have to offer, you sorry piece of whale shiit!
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Whats really sad is that this piece of shiit us using an actual person Clyde Ahmad Williams, who fell on hard times decades ago to create this deception.\\\we want to see all that you have to offer, you sorry piece of whale shiit! [/QB]
The real Clyde Ahmad Willams fell on hard times?
Could you please elaborate and give us some detail on that. Is he sick or having finacnial difficulties, OR BOTH ????
Also if the fake Clyde Willams is promoting the real Clyde Ahmad Willams' articles isn't he doing him a service by getting the message out. Don't we need more fake Clyde Willamses so there's more people getting the Olmec were blackish message out?
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quote:Originally posted by Clyde Winters: [QB] The olmec heads are realistic. They are representations of actual Olmec rulers.
^^^^ A head that wide is not realistic and is particularly atypical of Africans. Also Clyde, you didn't identify the source of the stone African head you posted and it's size. If you can't give basic caption information what's the point? .
_________________________________________Ek Chuah Ek Chuah is the sixth most commonly depicted deity in the codices, and is portrayed 40 times. He has a thick, pendulous lower lip and is generally painted in black, with a long beard in the Tro-Cortesian codex, or partially black, in the Dresden codex. In the former, his mouth is always surrounded by a dull red circle which makes his thick lips stand out. The hieroglyph of his name is an eye with a black ring. Ek Chuah which means “black scorpion” is the god of war and trade, usually represented with the color black, the color of war. It is said that he has a double and contradictory nature: on the one hand, malevolent, as the god of war, and on the other hand, benefactor, as the god of traveling merchants. So depending on the needs of the people were the requests made to Ek Chuah He was beneficial god for traveling merchants. As a beneficent god, he appears carrying a bundle of goods on his back, like a traveling merchant, and in some places he is shown with the head of Xamán Ek, god of the North Star, who, as we will see, is said to have been "The Merchants' Guide".
As a warrior Ek Chuah sometimes defeats in war and other times he is defeated by other gods. Tradition describes that he always leans on a cane, which is a spear, to distract the enemy, and once he attacks, his spear ignites the primordial fire in the center of the cosmos, he shakes a spherical rattle and carries the axe with which Chaac (god of rain) produces the rays.
Ek Chuah is the opposite pole of the god Xaman Ek (god of the North Star). Both are eternal rivals, representing the duality light-shadows in the Mayan culture. Finally, Ek Chuah was the patron of cacao, and the owners of plantations of this crop conducted a ceremony in his honor in the month of Muán. This god was a friend to the Maya. It should be borne in mind that Mayan commerce extended from Xicalango, on the Laguna de Terminos on the Gulf of Mexico, to the mountains of Chiapas, and along the Caribbean coast as far as Honduras. It continued after the collapse of the Maya until the arrival of the Spaniards.
The principal Mayan god of merchants was Ek Chuah (ek means "star" and chuah means "black" in Yucatec Maya), who was also the god of cacao. The connection lies in the fact that cacao seeds were used as currency throughout Meso-America.
After Neil Steede and I deciphered the ‘Salazer Brick’ from Comalcalco made it clear that you can read the Mayan script based on Olmec—while reading the inscriptions in the Mayan language. To test this theory I deciphered some the Ek-Chuah Black Trader god from the Tro-Crotensiana Codex. Below we will discuss some of these inscriptions.
After Neil Steede and I deciphered the ‘Salazer Brick’ from Comalcalco made it clear that you can read the Mayan script based on Olmec—while reading the inscriptions in the Mayan language. To test this theory I deciphered some the Ek-Chuah Black Trader god from the Tro-Crotensiana Codex. Below we will discuss some of these inscriptions.
As you can see when you look at the syllabic nature of many Mayan hieroglyphs the Codexs tell us much more than dates.
quote:Originally posted by Vansertimavindicated: The FAKE Clyde Winters is promoting the fake Clyde Winters by using the REAL Clyde Ahmad Winters name. Like for example here
The REAL story is your sharing exactly what types of medication you are prescribed for depression? Are you taking the same variety prescribed to those Kennedy Wives and daughters? How do they make you feel when you don't take them? When you don't take them, do they make you feel like you are the only person on the planet and no one else understands you?
What about that Kennedy wife who just hung herself while on 3 different Anti-Depressant medicines. Do they make you feel as confused as her?
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quote:Originally posted by Vansertimavindicated: The FAKE Clyde Winters is promoting the fake Clyde Winters by using the REAL Clyde Ahmad Winters name. Like for example here
Look, if the fake Clyde Winters is using the real Clyde Winters name to promote himself so the hell what, the real Clyde Winters is too sick to get the message out. The Clyde Winters message is being passed to Clyde Winters II to carry on the teachings. So why are you jumping on the fake Clyde Winters, getting all up in his personal business? Are you his lawyer or something? Did you appoint you to handle his personal affairs? You make multiple threads attacking the fake Winters and none attacking Anglo_Pyramidologist. What are you an agent? At least the fake Clyde Winters is keeping the Clyde Winters name. You are trying to steal Clyde Winters teaching and change the name. What are you jealous of the Clyde Winters name and want to steal his legacy? The fake Clyde Winters is helping the real Clyde Winters to get his message out becasue he is too sick to. Either that or you have lost the ability to distinguish real and fantasy worlds
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posted
The fake Clyde Winters is helping itself and profiting from the REAL Clyde Winters as most people understand. You have a real legal web for yourself here you filthy monkey, and it all depends on how much you have profited from this fraud
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This is such a stupid low IQ monkey smdh! As I indicated months ago, This is not a sprint but rather it is a marathon monkey. Do you really believe that I am the only person that is investigating you moron? Do you really believe that scumbag? I am just pleased that you continue to demonstrate that you are of clear mind and understand exactly what you are doing. My pleasure is derived by providing you with a map and STILL watching you destroy yourself because of your Hubris.
But we can all see that you are of sound mind and understand exactly what you are doing, which is why watching you walk away in handcuffs will be so fufilling
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