posted 06 April 2005 05:22 PM            

Human Genetics (Online Early)

Genetic evidence in support of a shared Eurasian-North African dairying origin

By Sean Myles

posted 06 April 2005 05:29 PM            

I have the study. I will be posting excerpts for analysis and discussion of the more modern and subtle forms of the “Hamitic Hypothesis”. But lets start with this context from Keita:

American Journal of Human Biology
16: 679-689 (2004)
S.O.Y. Keita

posted 06 April 2005 06:55 PM            

Genetic evidence in support of a shared Eurasian-North African dairying origin

By Sean Myles

"The transition from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to one including food production has had profound effects on the technology, demography, social organization and even the biology of most populations (Diamond 1998)."

Thought Writes:

posted 06 April 2005 06:57 PM            

Genetic evidence in support of a shared Eurasian-North African dairying origin

By Sean Myles

Samples:

posted 06 April 2005 07:15 PM            

Human Genetics (Online Early)

Genetic evidence in support of a shared Eurasian-North African dairying origin

By Sean Myles

"Two contrasting population models have been put forward for this transition....The first model, demic diffusion, attributes the spread of framing to the local growth and expansion of framers. The second model, cultural diffusion, involves farming being passed fron one local group to the next without substantial movement of farming populations....It is important to note, however, that these two models are not mutually exclusive and that in fact both processes probably contributed to the expansion of agriculture and pastoralism."

"It has previously been shown that, while the frequency of -13910T strongly predicts the frequency of lactose tolerance in Northern Europeans, this is not the case for many Sub-Saharan milk-drinking populations."

"We propose that the observed correlation between the frequencies of the -13910T allele and lactose tolerance in Eurasian and Berber populations and the abscence of -13910T in several sub-saharan African dairying populations supports a scenario in which the Berber share a dairying origin with European and Asian pastoralists but not with sub-saharan African pastoralists."

Thought Writes:

posted 06 April 2005 08:47 PM            

quote:

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Originally posted by Thought2:

Thought Writes:

Modern Berbers are primarily indigenous African based upon Y-Chromosome analysis and primarily Eurasian based upon mtDNA analysis.

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Thought Posts:

The molecular dissection of mtDNA haplogroup H confirms that the Franco-Cantabrian glacial refuge was a major source for the European gene pool.
Am J Hum Genet. 2004 Nov;75(5):910-8. Epub 2004 Sep 20.

Frequency of Haplogroup H:

Basques (Spain) 51.9%
Galicia 45.1%
Andalusia 43.7%
Berbers Morocco 36.8%
Tunisia 26.5%
Algeria 25.6%
Arabian Peninsula 10.6%
Berbers (Egypt) 1.4%

posted 06 April 2005 11:34 PM            

quote:

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Originally posted by Thought2:
Thought Writes:

I have the study. I will be posting excerpts for analysis and discussion of the more modern and subtle forms of the “Hamitic Hypothesis”. But lets start with this context from Keita:

American Journal of Human Biology
16: 679-689 (2004)
S.O.Y. Keita

“However, the theory that has had the greatest influence, and still persists in one form or another in some disciplines, was put forth by Seligman (1930), who stated that the peoples of the Horn-Nile basin and supra-Saharan regions were primarily the descendents of southwest Asian immigrants into Africa (i.e., settler colonists), who arrived at some time in the unspecified past. These immigrants were called “Hamites” (a term not original to Seligman), and constructed as “dark pastoral Europeans” who allegedly brought “Hamitic” languages, narrow noses and faces, linear body builds, lighter skin coloration, and any “significant” cultural innovation to Africa…”

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posted 06 April 2005 11:58 PM            

quote:

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Originally posted by Thought2:
Thought Writes:

I have the study. I will be posting excerpts for analysis and discussion of the more modern and subtle forms of the “Hamitic Hypothesis”. But lets start with this context from Keita:

American Journal of Human Biology
16: 679-689 (2004)
S.O.Y. Keita

“However, the theory that has had the greatest influence, and still persists in one form or another in some disciplines, was put forth by Seligman (1930), who stated that the peoples of the Horn-Nile basin and supra-Saharan regions were primarily the descendents of southwest Asian immigrants into Africa (i.e., settler colonists), who arrived at some time in the unspecified past. These immigrants were called “Hamites” (a term not original to Seligman), and constructed as “dark pastoral Europeans” who allegedly brought “Hamitic” languages, narrow noses and faces, linear body builds, lighter skin coloration, and any “significant” cultural innovation to Africa…”

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Thought Writes:

Perhaps as a early 20th Century European Jew, Seligman was desperately seeking answers to the questions being raised at the time. These questions, rooted in the pre-Darwinian theories of Blumenbach ultimately expressed themselves in the Third Reich.

posted 07 April 2005 12:30 AM            

quote:

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Originally posted by Thought2:
Thought Writes:

Perhaps as a early 20th Century European Jew, Seligman was desperately seeking answers to the questions being raised at the time. These questions, rooted in the pre-Darwinian theories of Blumenbach ultimately expressed themselves in the Third Reich.

[This message has been edited by Thought2 (edited 07 April 2005).]

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Thought Writes:

Interestingly enough, two years after the Nazi's took power in Germany :

"Modern criticism of the biological significance of "race" can be dated to the publication in 1935 of a book by Julian Huxley and A.C. Haddon: We Europeans: a survey of "racial" problems (London: Jonathan Cape, 1935)."

"This popular "anti-racist" book appeared to have the eminent authors of Julian Huxley and A. C. Haddon, but according to Elazar Barkan’s The Retreat of Scientific Racism (New York, 1992) much of it was written by Charles Singer and Charles Seligman"

posted 14 April 2005 08:48 AM            

quote:

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I just don't see why many are so quick to claim the Imazighen because they really didn't accomplish much in terms of high culture. Most of the Imazighen borrowed heavily from cultures surrounding them.

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posted 14 April 2005 01:47 PM            

Plus not all so-called Berbers all call themselves Imazghen,and each have their own name for themselves. Tuaregs call themselves Kel Tamelsheq which means peole of the veil.

Many African Americans might even have some Tuareg ancestry because the modern Tuareg are spread out from Algeria down to Burkino Faso.

posted 14 April 2005 03:48 PM            

quote:

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Originally posted by ausar:

Many African Americans might even have some Tuareg ancestry because the modern Tuareg are spread out from Algeria down to Burkino Faso.

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Thought Writes:

If one considers the mtDNA haplogroup U6 as the signature NW African gene then many West African's and African-American's probably have **some** paleolithic NW African heritage.

posted 14 April 2005 08:37 PM            

quote:

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We found that the frequency of the –13910T allele predicts the frequency of lactose tolerance in several Eurasian and North African Berber populations but not in most sub-Saharan African populations.

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I find this a bit confusing: is it that there are other alleles that code for lactose tolerance in Africa or is that only 13910T codes for it?

posted 14 April 2005 08:57 PM            

quote:

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Originally posted by lamin:
From Miles--posted by T2

I find this a bit confusing: is it that there are other alleles that code for lactose tolerance in Africa or is that [b]only 13910T codes for it?

[/B]

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Just the opposite in fact:

The ability to digest the milk sugar lactose as an adult (lactase persistence) is a variable genetic trait in human populations. The lactase-persistence phenotype is found at low frequencies in the majority of populations in sub-Saharan Africa that have been tested, but, in some populations, particularly pastoral groups, it is significantly more frequent. We typed this polymorphism in 1,671 individuals from 20 distinct cultural groups in seven African countries. It was possible to match seven of the groups tested with groups from the literature for whom phenotypic information is available. In five of these groups, the published frequencies of lactase persistence are >/=25%. We found the T allele to be so rare that it cannot explain the frequency of the lactase-persistence phenotype throughout Africa.

The T allele of a single-nucleotide polymorphism 13.9 kb upstream of the lactase gene (LCT) (C-13.9kbT) does not predict or cause the lactase-persistence phenotype in Africans.