posted 06 November 2004 12:50 AM            

Many people have doubts about him.

We know that King Menes (also Narmer??) was the first one, who, according to tradition, joined Upper and Lower Egypt in a single, centralized monarchy.

The statue depics him like this:

posted 06 November 2004 01:40 AM            

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Originally posted by Orionix:
Was king Menes and Narmer basically the same person?

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Same person!

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Orionix:
Many people have doubts about him.

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What doubts could those be?

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Orionix:
We know that King Menes (also Narmer??) was the first one, who, according to tradition, joined Upper and Lower Egypt in a single, centralized monarchy.

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I don't know what "tradition" you are referring to, but the Narmer Palette (concrete evidence) is what tells us about the war for the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, under a single authority!

posted 06 November 2004 10:01 AM            

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What doubts could those be?

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Myth: the above bust actually comes from the 25th dynasty.

Fact: it is from a 1st dynasty royal tomb, and carbon dates back to the 1st dynasty as well.

posted 06 November 2004 05:18 PM            

There were many pharaohs before Menes/Narmer depneding on which kings list you look at. Some Egyptologist discuss a dyansty 0 just before the unification of Egypt. Our sources for Egyptian history through kings is from Manetho, the kings list,Palermo Stone,and archaeology. According to the Palmero Stone there were independent rulers in both Upper and Lower Egypt. Archaeological evidence does not support such kings in the Delta at areas like Tell Awade Ibrahim shows an Upper Egyptian culture that either peacefully or violently replaces the local culture.

posted 22 November 2004 10:39 PM            

How old is Ancient Egypt? –

The Greek and Roman writers of antiquity, basing their accounts on information received either first or second-hand from Egyptian sources, claimed a far greater antiquity for the Egyptian civilization, than that currently established by Egyptologists. These Egyptian sources called for antiquity ranging from 24,000 and 36,000 years during which Egypt was civilized.
The Greco-Egyptian historian Manetho (3rd century BCE), under the early Ptolemies, wrote the only substantive history of Egypt to come down to us. He gathered his information from Egyptian records. A few pre-dynastic inscribed tablets and papyri have been found, but all were incomplete because of their remote age. Manetho acknowledged greater antiquity of the Egyptian history. However, because of the overwhelming task, he chose Menes as a starting point, about 3,000 years earlier.
Manetho started with Menes and then divided the entire chronicle of events into 31 dynasties, from Mena (Menes) to the time of Alexander the Great in 332 BCE. However, Ancient Egyptian history is much older than the dynastic history, based on the following facts:

Temples throughout Egypt make reference to being originally built much earlier than its dynastic history. For example, the texts inscribed in the crypts of the temple of Het-Heru at Dendera clearly state that the temple that was restored during the Ptolemaic Era was based on drawings dating back to King Pepi of the 6th Dynasty (2400 BCE). The drawings themselves are copies of pre-dynastic documents.

The 40,000 items of stone jars and vessels found underneath the 3rd Dynasty pyramid of Zoser were crafted in previous eras, and were collected and stored by Zoser underneath his pyramid.

The Greek and Roman writers of antiquity, basing their accounts on information received either first or second-hand from Egyptian sources, claimed a far greater antiquity for the Egyptian civilization than that currently established by academicians. These Egyptian sources called for antiquity ranging from 24,000 and 36,000 years during which Egypt was civilized.

Herodotus reported that he was informed by Egyptian priests that the sun had twice set where it now rose, and twice risen where it now set. The statement makes a clear indication of the progressional cycles of the equinox. The progression results in the rising against a different sign of the Zodiac approximately every two thousand years. This would mean that the Egyptians counted their history back for at least a cycle and a half, some 36,000 years. This is in a general agreement with other accounts and evidential findings.

posted 22 November 2004 10:41 PM            

MANERHO”S HISTORY OF EGYPT

BOOK 1

Fragment from Eusebius

From The Egyptian History of Manetho, who composed his account in three books. These deal with the Gods, the Demigods, the spirits of the dead, and the mortal Kings who ruled Egypt down to Darius,King of the Persians.

The first man in Egypt is Hephaestus (Ptah) who is also renowned among the Egyptians as the discover of fire. His son, Helios (the sun), was succeeded by Sosis: then follow, in turn, Cronos,Osiris, Typhon, brother of Osiris, and lastly Horus, son of Osiris and Isis. These were the first to hold sway in Egypt. Thereafter, the Kingship passed from one to another in unbroken succession.

See Loeb Classical Library Translated by W.G Waddell

Richard Poe stated in his book Black Spark White Fire: “Mantheo called him the “first man”-implying that Ptah was originally a human being.The fact that Ptah was always portrayed as a mummy with a distinctly human head-rather than an animal head-seems to confirm that the Egyptians viewed Ptah as a real human ancestor, an earthly king who became a god only after his death” p.223

Cheikh Anta Diop wrote: “To Amelineau we owe the discovery of Osiris tomb at Abydos, thanks to which Osiris could no longer be considered a mythical hero but an historic personage, an initial ancestor of the Pharaohs, a black ancestor, as was his sister, Isis. Thus we can understand why the Egyptians painted their gods black as coal, in the image of their race.”p.75 of The African Origins of Civilization

In Chapter 13 of “Historical deception” Moustafa Gadalla writes: “The first Pharaoh of Egypt… Menes was neither the first Pharaoh of Egypt” p.81

I’ve been wondering if King Scorpion was the first to use the falcon of Horus to help symbolize that he was a king, could Scorpion be a the real Horus. Plutarch writes that Horus battled Set and King Scorpion battled a King who used the symbol of Set.

In King Scorpion tomb we have writing that predates its neighbors. In its writing Egypt is called sunrise/sunset in the shape of mountains/pyramids called “Jew”. Not of that but later writings in the Egyptian Book of the dead we see Horus father Osiris : “Hail to thee O great God, falcon of the double solar mountain”

posted 23 November 2004 08:42 AM            

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Cheikh Anta Diop wrote: “To Amelineau we owe the discovery of Osiris tomb at Abydos, thanks to which Osiris could no longer be considered a mythical hero but an historic personage, an initial ancestor of the Pharaohs, a black ancestor, as was his sister, Isis. Thus we can understand why the Egyptians painted their gods black as coal, in the image of their race.”p.75 of The African Origins of Civilization

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